Refrigerator and method of controlling the same

ABSTRACT

A refrigerator includes a carbonated water tank in which carbonated water is stored; a water level sensor sensing a water level of carbonated water stored in the carbonated water tank; a water tank supplying filtered water to the carbonated water tank; a carbon dioxide cylinder supplying carbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank; and a controller, if the water level of carbonated water sensed by the water level sensor is less than or equal to a predetermined minimum water level, supplying the filtered water to the carbonated water tank, and if supply of the filtered water is completed, supplying the carbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank so as to produce the carbonated water. If the carbonated water is discharged, the controller controls the water level sensor to sense the water lever of the carbonated water stored in the carbonated water tank.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of Korean Patent Applications No.10-2013-0022531, filed on Feb. 28, 2013 and No. 10-2013-0112952 filed onSep. 24, 2013 in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, thedisclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND

1. Field

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a refrigerator and amethod of controlling the same, and more particularly, to a refrigeratorincluding a carbonated water production device and a method ofcontrolling the same.

2. Description of the Related Art

In general, a refrigerator is a home appliance that keeps food fresh byincluding a storage compartment for storing food and a cold airsupplying unit for supplying cold air to the storage compartment. Inaccordance with a user's need, the refrigerator may include anice-making device for generating ice and a dispenser that is capable oftaking filtered water or ice from the outside without opening a door.

A user has a need for obtaining a processed beverage in addition tofiltered water or ice from the refrigerator. However, refrigeratorsaccording to the related art provide filtered water or ice to the userbut do not provide a processed beverage.

SUMMARY

Therefore, it is an aspect of the present disclosure to provide arefrigerator that is capable of selectively taking filtered water andcarbonated water and automatically producing carbonated water if it isexpected that the storage amount of the carbonated water is reduced orthe user will not use the carbonated water for a while.

It is another aspect of the present disclosure to provide a refrigeratorthat is capable of rapidly producing carbonated water according to theoperating instructions of a user.

Additional aspects of the disclosure will be set forth in part in thedescription which follows and, in part, will be apparent from thedescription, or may be learned by practice of the disclosure.

In accordance with one aspect of the present disclosure, a refrigeratorincludes a carbonated water tank, a water tank, a carbon dioxidecylinder, and a controller. The carbonated water tank may storecarbonated water. The water tank may store filtered water. The carbondioxide cylinder may store carbon dioxide. The controller may supply thefiltered water to the carbonated water tank and if supply of thefiltered water is completed, supply the carbon dioxide to the carbonatedwater tank so as to produce carbonated water. The controller, inresponse to discharge of the carbonated water, may calculate anaccumulated discharge time of the carbonated water based on a time atwhich the carbonated water is discharged, and if the accumulateddischarge time of the carbonated water is equal to or above a firstreference time that is set in advance, resupply the carbonated water tothe carbonated water tank.

If a carbonated water discharge instruction is input, the carbonatedwater may be discharged by pressure of carbon dioxide in the carbonatedwater tank.

The refrigerator may further include a carbon dioxide supply valveconfigured to control flow of the carbon dioxide supplied to thecarbonated water tank,

The controller may open the carbon dioxide supply valve for about 0.5seconds to about 1.5 seconds with respect to the carbonated water tankso as to resupply the carbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank.

In accordance with another aspect of the present disclosure, arefrigerator includes a carbonated water tank, a water tank, a carbondioxide cylinder and a controller. The carbonated water tank may storecarbonated water. The water tank may store filtered water. The carbondioxide cylinder may store carbon dioxide. The controller may supply thefiltered water to the carbonated water tank and if supply of thefiltered water is completed, supply the carbon dioxide to the carbonatedwater tank so as to produce carbonated water. The controller, ifdetermined that pressure of carbon dioxide in the carbonated water tankis equal to or below a predetermined reference pressure, may resupplythe carbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank after the carbonatedwater is produced.

The controller may supply the carbon dioxide for about 0.5 seconds toabout 1.5 seconds to the carbonated water tank so as to resupply thecarbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank.

The refrigerator may further include a temperature sensor sensingtemperature of the carbonated water stored in the carbonated water tank.The controller, if the temperature of the carbonated water sensed by thetemperature sensor is equal to or below a predetermined referencetemperature, may resupply the carbon dioxide to the carbonated watertank.

The controller, if an accumulated discharge time of the carbonated watercalculated based on a time at which the carbonated water is dischargedis equal to or above a first reference time that is set in advance, mayresupply the carbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank.

The controller may resupply again the carbon dioxide to the carbonatedwater tank if the accumulated discharge time is equal to or above thefirst reference time after the carbon dioxide is resupplied.

The controller, if elapsed time after the carbonated water is producedis equal to or above a second reference time that is set in advance, mayresupply the carbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank.

The controller may resupply again the carbon dioxide to the carbonatedwater tank if the elapse time after the carbon dioxide is resupplied isequal to or above the second reference time.

In accordance with another aspect of the present disclosure, a method ofcontrolling a refrigerator producing and storing carbonated waterincludes: supplying filtered water to the carbonated water tank;supplying carbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank if supply of thefiltered water is completed; and resupplying the carbon dioxide ifpressure of carbon dioxide in the carbonated water tank is lowered.

The resupplying of the carbon dioxide may include supplying the carbondioxide to the carbonated water tank for about 0.5 seconds to about 1.5seconds.

The resupplying of the carbon dioxide may include: sensing temperatureof the carbonated water stored in the carbonated water tank; and if thesensed temperature of the carbonated water is equal to or below apredetermined reference temperature, resupplying the carbon dioxide tothe carbonated water tank.

The resupplying of the carbon dioxide may include in response todischarge of the carbonated water, calculating an accumulated dischargetime of the carbonated water corresponding to a total time at which thecarbonated water is discharged after the carbonated water is produced;and if the accumulated discharge time is equal to or above a firstreference time that is set in advance, resupplying the carbonated waterto the carbonated water tank.

The resupplying of the carbon dioxide may include, if the accumulateddischarge time after the resupplying of the carbon dioxide is equal toor above the first reference time, resupplying again the carbonatedwater to the carbonated water tank.

The resupplying of the carbon dioxide may include, if elapsed time afterthe carbonated water is produced is equal to or above a second referencetime that is set in advance, resupplying the carbon dioxide to thecarbonated water tank.

The resupplying of the carbon dioxide may include resupplying again thecarbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank if elapsed time after thecarbon dioxide is resupplied is equal to or above the second referencetime.

In accordance with another aspect of the present disclosure, arefrigerator includes a carbonated water tank, a water tank, a carbondioxide cylinder and a controller. The carbonated water tank may storecarbonated water. The water tank may store filtered water. The carbondioxide cylinder may store carbon dioxide. The controller may supply thefiltered water to the carbonated water tank and if supply of thefiltered water is completed, supply the carbon dioxide to the carbonatedwater tank so as to produce carbonated water. The controller, if a rapidproduction instruction is input, may repeat discharging of the carbondioxide from the carbonated water tank and supplying of the carbondioxide to the carbonated water tank.

The rapid production instruction may be input through an additionalproduction instruction input unit.

The refrigerator may further include an exhaust valve and a supplyvalve. The exhaust valve discharges carbon dioxide inside of thecarbonated water tank. The supply valve may open and close a carbondioxide supply flow path that is configured to supply carbon dioxide tothe carbonated water tank from the carbon dioxide cylinder. Thecontroller may repeat the opening/closing of the exhaust valve and theopening/closing of the carbon dioxide supply valve.

The controller may open the carbon dioxide supply valve in a state thatthe exhaust valve is open or closed.

The controller may open the exhaust valve for about 0.5 seconds to about5 seconds.

The controller may open the carbon dioxide supply valve for about 0.5seconds to about 10 seconds.

The controller may repeat the opening/closing of the exhaust valve andthe opening/closing of the carbon dioxide supply valve one time to 10times.

In accordance with another aspect of the present disclosure, a method ofcontrolling a refrigerator includes: supplying filtered water to acarbonated water tank producing and storing carbonated water; andsupplying carbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank if supply of thefiltered water is completed. The supplying of the carbon dioxide to thecarbonated water tank may include repeating discharge of carbon dioxidefrom the carbonated tank and supply of carbon dioxide to the carbonatedtank.

The discharging of carbon dioxide from the carbonated water tank mayinclude opening an exhaust valve configured to discharge carbon dioxideinside of the carbonated tank for about 0.5 seconds to about 5 seconds.

The supplying of carbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank may includeopening a carbon dioxide supply valve configured to open and close acarbon dioxide supply flow path supplying carbon dioxide from the carbondioxide cylinder to the carbonated water tank for about 0.5 seconds toabout 10 seconds.

The repeating of discharge and supply of carbon dioxide may includerepeating discharge and supply of carbon dioxide one time to 10 times.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

These and/or other aspects of the disclosure will become apparent andmore readily appreciated from the following description of theembodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings ofwhich:

FIG. 1 is a view illustrating the exterior of a refrigerator accordingto an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a view illustrating the inside of the refrigerator illustratedin FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a view illustrating an assembling structure of a carbonatedwater production module of the refrigerator of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a view illustrating a state in which a cover is detached fromthe carbonated water production module of the refrigerator of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a view illustrating a process of producing and dischargingcarbonated water of the refrigerator of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a control flow of therefrigerator of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a view illustrating a control panel of the refrigerator ofFIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a view illustrating the case that the refrigerator of FIG. 1receives operating instructions related to carbonated water productionfrom a user;

FIGS. 9A and 9B are views schematically illustrating the case that therefrigerator of FIG. 1 produces carbonated water;

FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating the case that the refrigerator ofFIG. 1 starts producing carbonated water in response to a user'scarbonated water production instructions;

FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating the case that the refrigerator ofFIG. 1 starts producing carbonated water by determining whether thecarbonated water is produced;

FIG. 12 is a view illustrating a method of producing carbonated waterusing the refrigerator of FIG. 1;

FIGS. 13A and 13B are flowcharts illustrating the method of producingcarbonated water illustrated in FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a view illustrating a method of rapidly producing carbonatedwater in a refrigerator according to an embodiment of the presentdisclosure;

FIG. 15A and FIG. 15B are flowcharts illustrating the method of rapidlyproducing carbonated water of FIG. 14;

FIGS. 16A and 16B are flowcharts illustrating control of therefrigerator of FIG. 1 when an exceptional situation occurs duringcarbonated water production;

FIGS. 17A through 17C are flowcharts illustrating the case that therefrigerator of FIG. 1 resupplies carbon dioxide to a carbonated watertank;

FIG. 18 is a flowchart illustrating the case that the refrigerator ofFIG. 1 senses pressure of carbon dioxide;

FIG. 19 is a view schematically illustrating the case that therefrigerator of FIG. 1 discharges carbonated water; and

FIG. 20 is a view illustrating the case that the refrigerator of FIG. 1discharges carbonated water.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Configurations shown in embodiments enumerated in the presentspecification and the drawings are just exemplary embodiments of thepresent disclosure, and it should be understood that there are variousmodified examples capable of replacing the embodiments of the presentspecification and the drawings.

Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the presentdisclosure, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elementsthroughout.

FIG. 1 is a view illustrating the exterior of a refrigerator accordingto an embodiment of the present disclosure, and FIG. 2 is a viewillustrating the inside of the refrigerator illustrated in FIG. 1.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, a refrigerator 1 according to the currentembodiment of the present disclosure may include a body 10, storagecompartments 20 and 30 disposed in the body 10, and a cold air supplyingunit (not shown) for supplying cold air to the storage compartments 20and 30.

The body 10 may include an inner case that constitutes the storagecompartments 20 and 30, an outer case that is combined with an outerside of the inner case and constitutes the exterior of the refrigerator1, and a heat insulating material disposed between the inner case andthe outer case.

The storage compartments 20 and 30 may be partitioned off into an upperrefrigerator compartment 20 and a lower freezer compartment 30 by anintermediate wall 11. The refrigerator compartment 20 may be maintainedat a temperature of about 3° C. so as to keep food under refrigeration,and the freezer compartment 30 may be maintained at a temperature ofabout −18.5° C. so as to keep food frozen. A shelf 23 on which food canbe put, and at least one accommodation box 27 in which food is kept in asealed state, may be provided in the refrigerator compartment 20.

Also, an ice-making compartment 81 in which ice can be made, may beformed at an upper corner of the refrigerator compartment 20 to bepartitioned off into the refrigerator compartment 20 by an ice-makingcompartment case 82. An ice-making device 80 including an ice-makingtray in which ice is made and an ice bucket in which the ice made in theice-making tray is stored, may be disposed in the ice-making compartment81.

A water tank 70 in which water can be stored, may be disposed in therefrigerator compartment 20. The water tank 70 may be disposed in aspace between a plurality of accommodation boxes 27, as illustrated inFIG. 2. However, aspects of the present disclosure are not limitedthereto, and it is enough that the water tank 70 may be disposed only inthe refrigerator compartment 20 so that water in the water tank 70 canbe cooled by cold air inside the refrigerator compartment 20.

The water tank 70 may be connected to an external water supply source(see 40 of FIG. 5), such as a water pipe, and may store filtered waterfiltered by a water filter (see 50 of FIG. 5). A flow path conversionvalve (see 60 of FIG. 5) may be disposed in a water supply pipe thatconnects the external water supply source 40 and the water tank 70, andwater may be supplied to the ice-making device 80 via the flow pathconversion valve 60.

The refrigerator compartment 20 and the freezer compartment 30 may haveopen front sides via which food can be put in or taken out from therefrigerator compartment 20 and the freezer compartment 30, the openfront side of the refrigerator compartment 20 may be opened or closed bya pair of rotation doors 21 and 22 that are hinge-coupled to the body10, and the open front side of the freezer compartment 30 may be openedor closed by a sliding door 31 that may slide with respect to the body10. Door guards 24 in which food can be stored, may be disposed in rearsides of the refrigerator compartment doors 21 and 22.

Gaskets 28 may be disposed at rear edges of the refrigerator compartmentdoors 21 and 22 and may regulate cold air in the refrigeratorcompartment 20 by sealing a space between the refrigerator compartmentdoors 21 and 22 and the body 10 when the refrigerator compartment doors21 and 22 are closed. Also, a rotation bar 26 may be disposed in onerefrigerator compartment door 21 of the refrigerator compartment doors21 and 22 and may regulate cold air in the refrigerator compartment 20by sealing a space between the refrigerator compartment door 21 and therefrigerator compartment door 22 when the refrigerator compartment doors21 and 22 are closed.

Also, a dispenser 90 may be disposed in one refrigerator compartmentdoor 21 of the refrigerator compartment doors 21 and 22 and may takefiltered water, carbonated water, or ice from the outside withoutopening the refrigerator compartment door 21.

The dispenser 90 may include an intake space 91 in which water or icecan be taken by inserting a container such as a cup, a dispenser lever93 that causes the dispenser 90 to operate so that filtered water,carbonated water, or ice can be discharged, and a dispenser nozzle 95through which filtered water or carbonated water is discharged. A usermay input a carbonated water discharge instruction or a filtered waterdischarge instruction to the refrigerator 1 by pressurizing thedispenser lever 93 and may input a carbonated water dischargetermination instruction or a filtered water discharge terminationinstruction to the refrigerator 1 by stopping pressurizing of thedispenser lever 93. That is, if the dispenser lever 93 is pressurized,the refrigerator 1 discharges filtered water or carbonated water untilpressurization of the dispenser lever 93 is terminated.

Also, the dispenser 90 may include an ice guide path 94 that connectsthe ice-making device 80 and the intake space 91 so that ice made by theice-making device 80 can be discharged into the intake space 91.

A control panel 300 receives operating instructions of the refrigerator1 from the user and displays operating information of the refrigerator 1to the user. The control panel 300 will be described below in detail.

A carbonated water production module 100 may be mounted in a rear sideof the refrigerator compartment door 21 in which the dispenser 90 of therefrigerator 1 of FIG. 1 is disposed. The carbonated water productionmodule 100 will be described below in detail.

FIG. 3 is a view illustrating an assembling structure of a carbonatedwater production module of the refrigerator 1 of FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is aview illustrating a state in which a cover is detached from thecarbonated water production module of the refrigerator 1 of FIG. 1, andFIG. 5 is a view illustrating a process of producing and dischargingcarbonated water of the refrigerator 1 of FIG. 1.

The carbonated water production module 100 is used to produce carbonatedwater in the refrigerator 1. As illustrated in FIGS. 3 through 5, thecarbonated water production module 100 may include a carbon dioxidecylinder 120 in which high-pressure carbon dioxide is stored, acarbonated water tank 110 in which filtered water and carbon dioxide aremixed with each other to make carbonated water and the carbonated wateris stored, a module case 140 that includes accommodation spaces 151,152, and 153 in which the carbon dioxide cylinder 120 and the carbonatedwater tank 110 are accommodated and that is combined with the rear sideof the refrigerator compartment door 21, and an integrated valveassembly 130 that controls the flow of filtered water or carbonatedwater.

Carbon dioxide having a high pressure of about 45 to 60 bar may bestored in the carbon dioxide cylinder 120. The carbon dioxide cylinder120 may be mounted in a cylinder connector 157 of the module case 140and may be accommodated in a lower accommodation space 153 of the modulecase 140.

Carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide cylinder 120 may be supplied to thecarbonated water tank 110 via a carbon dioxide supply flow path 200 thatconnects the carbon dioxide cylinder 120 and the carbonated water tank110.

A carbon dioxide regulator 201 that regulates pressure of carbondioxide, a pressure sensor 204 that senses a discharge pressure ofcarbon dioxide, a carbon dioxide supply valve 202 that opens or closesthe carbon dioxide supply flow path 200, and a carbon dioxide backflowprevention valve 203 that prevents backflow of carbon dioxide may bedisposed in the carbon dioxide supply flow path 200.

The carbon dioxide regulator 201 may be disposed in a carbon dioxideoutlet of the carbon dioxide cylinder 120 and may regulate the pressureof carbon dioxide discharged from the carbon dioxide cylinder 120. Indetail, the carbon dioxide regulator 201 may reduce the pressure ofcarbon dioxide supplied to the carbonated water tank 110 to about 8.5bar.

The pressure sensor 204 is disposed in a carbon dioxide outlet of thecarbon dioxide regulator 201. Also, the pressure sensor 204 senses thepressure of carbon dioxide decompressed by the carbon dioxide regulator201 and outputs a signal corresponding to the sensed pressure. If thepressure of carbon dioxide decompressed by the carbon dioxide regulator201 is reduced less than a predetermined reference pressure, thepressure sensor 204 for carbon dioxide may adopt a pressure switch thatoutputs a signal corresponding to the reduced pressure of carbondioxide.

In the carbonated water tank 110, carbon dioxide supplied by the carbondioxide cylinder 120 and filtered water supplied by the water tank 70may be mixed with each other to produce carbonated water, and theproduced carbonated water may be stored.

A filtered water supply flow path 210 to which filtered water issupplied from the water tank 70, a carbonated water discharge flow path230 on which produced carbonated water is discharged through thedispenser nozzle 95, and an exhaust flow path 250 on which carbondioxide that remains in the carbonated water tank 110 is exhausted so asto supply filtered water to the carbonated water tank 110, in additionto the above-described carbon dioxide supply flow path 200 may beconnected to the carbonated water tank 110.

A filtered water supply valve 211 may be disposed in the filtered watersupply flow path 210 to open or close the filtered water supply flowpath 210. A carbonated water discharge valve 231 that opens or closesthe carbonated water discharge flow path 230 and a carbonated waterregulator 232 that regulates the pressure of discharged carbonated watermay be disposed in the carbonated water discharge flow path 230. Anexhaust valve 251 may be disposed in the exhaust flow path 250 to openor close the exhaust flow path 250. Here, the filtered water supplyvalve 211 and the carbonated water discharge valve 231 may be solenoidvalves.

A water level sensor 111 that may measure the amount of filtered watersupplied to the carbonated water tank 110 and a temperature sensor 112that may measure the temperature of filtered water supplied to thecarbonated water tank 110 or the temperature of carbonated waterproduced in the carbonated water tank 110 may be disposed in thecarbonated water tank 110.

Also, a safety valve 114 may be disposed in the carbonated water tank110 to discharge high-pressure carbon dioxide when the high-pressurecarbon dioxide exceeding a predetermined pressure is supplied to thecarbonated water tank 110 due to a malfunction of the carbon dioxideregulator 201.

The carbonated water tank 110 may be formed with a predetermined sizeand may be formed to accommodate filtered water of about 1 l. Also, thecarbonated water tank 110 may be formed of stainless steel so as tominimize the size of the carbonated water tank 110, to withstand a highpressure, and to have a corrosion resistance. The carbonated water tank110 may be accommodated in a first upper accommodation space 151 of themodule case 140. The carbonated water tank 110 may be supported by abottom support part 155 and a guide part 156 of the module case 140.

Also, a water leak sensing sensor 115 that senses water leak of thecarbonated water tank 110 may be disposed in the first upperaccommodation space 151 or a second upper accommodation space 152. Thewater leak sensing sensor may include a pair of electrodes and may applya voltage between the pair of electrodes and sense a current flowingthrough the pair of electrodes, thereby sensing water leak.

The above-described filtered water supply valve 211 and the carbonatedwater discharge valve 231 may constitute an integrated valve assembly130 together with a filtered water discharge valve 221 disposed in afiltered water discharge flow path 220 on which filtered water isdirectly discharged from the water tank 70 to the intake space 91. Thatis, the filtered water supply valve 211, the carbonated water dischargevalve 231, and the filtered water discharge valve 221 may be formedintegrally with one another. Here, the filtered water discharge valve221 may be a solenoid valve, like the filtered water supply valve 211and the carbonated water discharge valve 231.

The integrated valve assembly 130 may include a first inlet port 130 aconnected to the water tank 70, a second inlet port 130 b connected tothe carbonated water tank 110, a first outlet port 130 c connected tothe carbonated water tank 110, and a second outlet port 130 d and athird outlet port 130 e that are connected to the dispenser nozzle 95.

The filtered water supply flow path 210 and the filtered water dischargeflow path 220 may pass through the first inlet port 130 a, and thecarbonated water discharge flow path 230 may pass through the secondinlet port 130 b. The filtered water supply flow path 210 may passthrough the first outlet port 130 c, the filtered water discharge flowpath 220 may pass through the second outlet port 130 d, and thecarbonated water discharge flow path 230 may pass through the thirdoutlet port 130 e.

However, the filtered water supply valve 211, the filtered waterdischarge valve 221, and the carbonated water discharge valve 231 may beindividually opened or closed.

Also, in the present embodiment, the integrated valve assembly 130includes three individual valves 211, 221, and 231, as described above.However, the integrated valve assembly 130 may include one three-wayflow path conversion valve that allows filtered water to selectivelyflow into the carbonated water tank 110 or the intake space 91 from thewater tank 70 and another three-way flow path conversion valve thatsupplies filtered water from the water tank 70 to the intake space 91 orsupplies carbonated water from the carbonated water tank 110 to theintake space 91.

The integrated valve assembly 130 may be accommodated in the secondupper accommodation space 152 of the module case 140.

The filtered water discharge flow path 220 on which filtered water isdirectly discharged from the water tank 70 to the intake space 91, andthe carbonated water discharge flow path 230 on which carbonated waterin the carbonated water tank 110 is discharged into the intake space 91may meet at one point and may constitute an integrated discharge flowpath 240.

The filtered water discharge flow path 220 and the carbonated waterdischarge flow path 230 may meet at an outside of the integrated valveassembly 130. Thus, the dispenser nozzle 95 may be disposed by formingthe filtered water discharge flow path 220 and the carbonated waterdischarge flow path 230 integrally with each other. Of course, thefiltered water discharge flow path 220 and the carbonated waterdischarge flow path 230 may not meet but may extend to the dispensernozzle 95 separately.

A remaining water discharge prevention valve 241 may be disposed on theintegrated discharge flow path 240 to open or close the integrateddischarge flow path 240 so that filtered water or carbonated waterremaining in the integrated discharge flow path 240 cannot be dischargedinto the intake space 91 in a state in which the filtered waterdischarge valve 221 and the carbonated water discharge valve 231 areclosed. The remaining water discharge prevention valve 241 may bedisposed at an end of the integrated discharge flow path 240, ifpossible.

The module case 140 may include a back case 150 having one open side anda cover 160 that is combined with the open side of the back case 150.

The module case 140 may include at least one insertion groove 154 thatis formed in a position corresponding to at least one insertionprotrusion 25 formed on the rear side of the refrigerator compartmentdoor 21. Thus, the insertion protrusion 25 is inserted into theinsertion groove 154 so that the module case 140 can be easily mountedin the rear side of the refrigerator compartment door 21. However, thecombination structure is just an exemplary structure, and the modulecase 140 may be detachably mounted in the rear side of the refrigeratorcompartment door 21 through various combination structures including ascrew fastening structure, a hook coupling structure, and the like, inaddition to the insertion structure.

Also, an insertion groove 158 and an insertion protrusion 162 may beformed in a position where the insertion groove 158 and the insertionprotrusion 162 correspond to each other, of the back case 150 and thecover 160 so that the cover 160 can be combined with the back case 150.However, the combination structure is also an exemplary structure, andthe back case 150 and the cover 160 may be detachably combined with eachother through various combination structures.

The carbon dioxide cylinder 120, the carbonated water tank 110, and theintegrated valve assembly 130 inside the module case 140 may not beexposed to the outside in a state in which the cover 160 is combinedwith the back case 150. Thus, the refrigerator compartment door 21 maybe aesthetically appealing.

However, air vents 161 that communicate with the inside and the outsideof the module case 140 may be formed in the cover 160 so that, even whenthe cover 160 is combined with the back case 150, cold air in thestorage compartment can be supplied to the carbonated water tank 110inside the module case 140 and carbonated water stored in the carbonatedwater tank 110 can be cooled or maintained at an appropriatetemperature.

Also, the cover 160 may be detachably disposed to include a first cover160 a that opens or closes the upper accommodation spaces 151 and 152 inwhich the carbonated water tank 110 and the integrated valve assembly130 are accommodated, and a second cover 160 b that opens or closes thelower accommodation space 153 in which the carbon dioxide cylinder 120is accommodated. The first cover 160 a and the second cover 160 b may beindividually opened or closed.

Thus, when carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide cylinder 120 isexhausted and the carbon dioxide cylinder 120 is replaced with anotherone, the carbon dioxide cylinder 120 may be replaced with another one bydetaching only the second cover 160 b without the need of opening thefirst cover 160 a. Thus, even when the carbon dioxide cylinder 120 isreplaced with another one, the first cover 160 a may be maintained in aclosed state and cold air in the upper accommodation space 151 may beprevented from flowing out to the outside.

In another point of view, the carbonated water production module 100 ofthe refrigerator 1 of FIG. 1 may include a first module having thecarbonated water tank 110 and the first accommodation space 151 in whichthe carbonated water tank 110 is accommodated, and a second modulehaving the carbon dioxide cylinder 120, and the second accommodationspace 153 in which the carbon dioxide cylinder 120 is accommodated.

In this case, a second module may be disposed below the first module.Also, the second module may be disposed at a side of the ice guide path94 on which ice in the ice-making device 80 are guided to the intakespace 91.

Also, the first module may include the first cover 160 a that opens orcloses the first accommodation space 151, and the second module mayinclude the second cover 160 b that opens or closes the secondaccommodation space 153 individually from the first cover 160 a.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a control flow of therefrigerator 1 of FIG. 1, and FIG. 7 is a view illustrating a controlpanel of the refrigerator 1 of FIG. 1.

Referring to FIGS. 6 and 7, the refrigerator 1 of FIG. 1 includes thewater level sensor 111, the temperature sensor 112, the water leaksensing sensor 115, the pressure sensor 204, the exhaust valve 251, thecarbon dioxide supply valve 202, the remaining water dischargeprevention valve 241 and the integrated valve assembly 130 in which thefiltered water supply valve 211, the filtered water discharge valve 221,and the carbonated water discharge valve 231 are formed integrally withone another, so as to produce carbonated water. Also, the refrigerator 1includes the control panel 300 that receives operating instructions fromthe user and displays operating information of the refrigerator 1, acontroller 310 that controls an operation of the refrigerator 1, and astorage unit 320 that stores a program or data for controlling therefrigerator 1.

Descriptions of the above-described water level sensor 111, temperaturesensor 112, water leak sensing sensor 115, carbon dioxide pressuresensor 204, the exhaust valve 251, the carbon dioxide supply valve 202,and the integrated valve assembly 130 in which the filtered water supplyvalve 211, the filtered water discharge valve 221, and the carbonatedwater discharge valve 231 are formed integrally with one another will beomitted.

The control panel 300 includes an input unit to which a user's operatinginstructions are input, and a display unit that displays operatinginformation of the refrigerator 1. In particular, the control panel 300includes a carbonated water production instruction input unit 303 towhich the user's operating instructions related to carbonated waterproduction are input, a rapid production instruction input unit 307, acarbonated water production information display unit 301 that displaysoperating information of the refrigerator 1 related to carbonated waterproduction, and a rapid production information display unit 309.

The carbonated water production instruction input unit 303 receives acarbonated water production activation instruction to activatecarbonated water production, a carbonated water production deactivationinstruction to deactivate carbonated water production, and a carbonatedwater concentration selection instruction to select the concentration (afirst step, a second step, and a third step) of carbonated waterproduced by the refrigerator 1 from the user. In addition, the rapidproduction instruction input unit 307 may receive a carbonated waterrapid production instruction from a user. For example, when previouslyproduced carbonated water is used up, and a user has difficulty ininstantly using carbonated water, the user may enter a carbonated waterrapid production instruction through the rapid production instructioninput unit 307, and the refrigerator 1 having received the carbonatedwater rapid production instruction may produce carbonated water withinseveral minutes. An input unit including the carbonated water productioninstruction input unit 303 and the rapid production instruction inputunit 307 may adopt a pressurization type switch or a touchpad.

The carbonated water production information display unit 301 includes acarbonated water concentration display region 301 a in which theconcentration of carbonated water produced by the refrigerator 1 isdisplayed, a carbonated water production display region 301 b in whichactivation of carbonated water production of the refrigerator 1 isdisplayed, a carbonated water production situation display region 301 cin which a carbonated water production proceeding situation of therefrigerator 1 is displayed, and a carbon dioxide low-pressure displayregion 305 in which a replacement time of the carbon dioxide cylinder120 is displayed. In addition, the rapid production information displayunit 309 displays whether or not the rapid production of carbonatedwater is activated. The display unit including the carbonated waterproduction information display unit 301 and the rapid productioninformation display unit 309 may adopt a liquid crystal display (LCD)panel or a light emitting diode (LED) panel.

The control panel 300 of the refrigerator 1 of FIG. 1 includes the inputunit and the display unit separately. However, aspects of the presentdisclosure are not limited thereto, and the control panel 300 may adopta touchscreen panel (TSP) in which the input unit and the display unitare formed integrally with each other.

The controller 310 controls the water level sensor 111, the temperaturesensor 112, the carbon dioxide pressure sensor 204, the exhaust valve251, the carbon dioxide supply valve 202, and the integrated valveassembly 130 in which the filtered water supply valve 211, the filteredwater discharge valve 221, and the carbonated water discharge valve 231are formed integrally with one another based on information transmittedfrom the control panel 300.

The storage unit 320 may store operating information of the refrigerator1 temporarily in addition to the program and data for controlling therefrigerator 1.

FIG. 8 is a view illustrating the case that the refrigerator of FIG. 1receives operating instructions related to carbonated water productionfrom the user.

If power is initially applied to the refrigerator 1, the refrigerator 1sets carbonated water production in a deactivated state and displaysthat carbonated water production has been deactivated (OFF) in thecarbonated water production display region 301 b of the carbonated waterproduction information display unit 301, as illustrated in (a) of FIG.8.

The user may input the carbonated water production activationinstruction to activate carbonated water production or the carbonatedwater production deactivation instruction to deactivate carbonated waterproduction to the refrigerator 1 through the carbonated water productioninstruction input unit 303. In detail, if the user touches or pressesthe carbonated water production instruction input unit 303 for a longtime in a state in which carbonated water production is deactivated, therefrigerator 1 activates carbonated water production. Also, therefrigerator 1 displays that carbonated water production has beenactivated (ON) in the carbonated water production display region 301 band displays “first step” or “low concentration” that is an initialvalue in the carbonated water production concentration display region301 a, as illustrated in (b) of FIG. 8.

If the user touches or presses the carbonated water productioninstruction input unit 303 for a long time in a state in whichcarbonated water production has been activated, the refrigerator 1deactivates carbonated water production and displays that carbonatedwater production has been deactivated (OFF) in the carbonated waterproduction display region 301 b.

Also, the user may select the concentration of carbonated water throughthe carbonated water production instruction input unit 303. In detail,if the user touches or presses the carbonated water productioninstruction input unit 303 for a short time in a state in whichcarbonated water production has been activated, the refrigerator 1increases the concentration of carbonated water produced by one step.That is, when the concentration of carbonated water is “first step” or“low concentration” and if the user touches or presses the carbonatedwater production instruction input unit 303 for a short time, therefrigerator 1 increases the concentration of carbonated water to“second step” or “medium concentration” and displays “second step” or“medium concentration” in the carbonated water production concentrationdisplay region 301 a, as illustrated in (c) of FIG. 8. When theconcentration of carbonated water is “second step” or “mediumconcentration” and if the user touches or presses the carbonated waterproduction instruction input unit 303 for a short time, the refrigerator1 increases the concentration of carbonated water to “third step” or“high concentration”. However, when the concentration of carbonatedwater is “third step” or “high concentration” and if the user touches orpresses the carbonated water production instruction input unit 303 for ashort time, the refrigerator 1 decreases the concentration of carbonatedwater to “first step” or “low concentration”.

When the refrigerator 1 is producing carbonated water, the refrigerator1 displays that carbonated water is being produced in the carbonatedwater production situation display region 301 c, as illustrated in (d)of FIG. 8.

As described above, the configuration of the refrigerator 1 of FIG. 1has been described in detail.

Hereinafter, producing carbonated water using the refrigerator 1 of FIG.1 will be described. The refrigerator 1 produces carbonated water in astate in which carbonated water production has been activated and doesnot produce carbonated water in a state in which carbonated waterproduction has been deactivated.

FIGS. 9A and 9B are views schematically illustrating the case that therefrigerator 1 of FIG. 1 produces carbonated water.

In briefly describing producing carbonated water using the refrigerator1 of FIG. 1 with reference to FIGS. 9A and 9B, in order to producecarbonated water, the refrigerator 1 first supplies filtered water tothe carbonated water tank 110 and then supplies carbon dioxide to thecarbonated water tank 110. Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 waits for apredetermined amount of time until the supplied carbon dioxide isdissolved in the filtered water.

FIG. 9A illustrates the case that the refrigerator 1 of FIG. 1 suppliesfiltered water to the carbonated water tank 110, and if the refrigerator1 opens the filtered water supply valve 211, filtered water is movedalong the filtered water supply flow path 210 from the water tank 70 andis supplied to the carbonated water tank 110, as illustrated in FIG. 9A.

FIG. 9B illustrates the case that the refrigerator 1 of FIG. 1 suppliescarbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank 110, and if the refrigerator1 opens the carbon dioxide supply valve 202, carbon dioxide dischargedfrom the carbon dioxide cylinder 120 is decompressed by the carbondioxide regulator 201, and the decompressed carbon dioxide is movedalong the carbon dioxide supply flow path 200 and is supplied to thecarbonated water tank 110.

In this way, carbon dioxide supplied to the carbonated water tank 110 isdissolved in filtered water so that carbonated water can be produced.

Hereinafter, a method of producing carbonated water using therefrigerator 1 of FIG. 1 will be described in detail.

If the user inputs a carbonated water production instruction, therefrigerator 1 of FIG. 1 may produce carbonated water manually, and if apredetermined condition is satisfied, the refrigerator 1 of FIG. 1 mayproduce carbonated water automatically. In addition, a user may rapidlyproduce carbonated water by entering a rapid production instructionthrough the control panel (300, in FIG. 8).

FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating the case that the refrigerator 1 ofFIG. 1 starts producing carbonated water in response to a user'scarbonated water production instructions.

Referring to FIG. 10, first, the refrigerator 1 determines whether acarbonated water production activation instruction is input from theuser (680). As described above, the user may touch or press thecarbonated water production instruction input unit 303 disposed in thecontrol panel 300 for a long time, thereby inputting the carbonatedwater production activation instruction.

If it is determined that the carbonated water production activationinstruction is input (YES of 680), the refrigerator 1 determines whethercarbonated water is being produced (682). This is because, in order toproduce carbonated water, when the user inputs a carbonated waterproduction deactivation instruction in a state in which carbonated waterproduction has been activated and then inputs the carbonated waterproduction activation instruction, the carbonated water productionactivation instruction may be input when carbonated water is beingproduced.

If it is determined that carbonated water production is being performed(YES of 682), the refrigerator 1 restarts production of carbonated waterbeing performed (686).

If it is determined that carbonated water production is not beingperformed (NO of 682), the refrigerator 1 starts production ofcarbonated water (684).

In this way, if the carbonated water production activation instructionis input by the user in a state in which carbonated water production hasbeen deactivated, the refrigerator 1 starts or restarts production ofcarbonated water.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating the case that the refrigerator 1 ofFIG. 1 starts producing carbonated water by determining whether thecarbonated water is produced.

Referring to FIG. 11, first, the refrigerator 1 initializes anaccumulated carbonated water discharge time (610). The accumulatedcarbonated water discharge time means a total time at which therefrigerator 1 discharges carbonated water by operating the dispenserlever 93 disposed in the dispenser 90 after carbonated water has beenproduced. Since carbonated water is discharged by the carbonated waterregulator 232 at a constant speed, the amount of carbonated water thatremains in the carbonated water tank 110 can be estimated from theaccumulated carbonated water discharge time.

Next, the refrigerator 1 initializes a carbonated water dischargeinstruction waiting time (615). The carbonated water dischargeinstruction waiting time means a time that elapses since carbonatedwater has been discharged by operating the dispenser lever 93.

Next, the refrigerator 1 determines whether a carbonated water dischargeinstruction is input from the user (620). As described above, the usermay input the carbonated water discharge instruction by pressurizing thedispenser lever 93 disposed in the dispenser 90.

If the carbonated water discharge instruction is input from the user(YES of 620), the refrigerator 1 opens the carbonated water dischargevalve 231 to discharge carbonated water (622). As described above, ifthe carbonated water discharge valve 231 is opened, carbonated water isdischarged by pressure of the carbonated water tank 110 at a constantspeed. Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 determines if a carbonated waterdischarge termination instruction is input (624) and closes thecarbonated water discharge valve (626) when the carbonated waterdischarge termination instruction is input (YES of 624).

While carbonated water is discharged, the refrigerator 1 calculates acarbonated water discharge time (630). In detail, the refrigerator 1 maycalculate an opening time of the carbonated water discharge valve 231 oran operating time of the dispenser lever 93, thereby calculating thecarbonated water discharge time.

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 updates an accumulated carbonated waterdischarge time (635). In detail, the refrigerator 1 may store the sum ofthe carbonated water discharge time calculated in Operation 630 and theexisting accumulated carbonated water discharge time, thereby updatingthe accumulated carbonated water discharge time.

In this way, the refrigerator 1 may calculate the carbonated waterdischarge time whenever carbonated water is discharged and may updatethe accumulated carbonated water discharge time based on the calculatedcarbonated water discharge time. The refrigerator 1 may estimate acarbonated water discharge amount after carbonated water has beenproduced, from the calculated accumulated carbonated water dischargetime and may estimate a carbonated water remaining amount that remainsin the carbonated water tank 110 from the carbonated water dischargeamount.

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 senses a water level of carbonatedwater using the water level sensor 111 (640). In this way, therefrigerator 1 senses the water level of carbonated water when the userinputs the carbonated water discharge instruction. This is because thewater level sensor 111 senses the water level of carbonated water basedon a current value flowing between a plurality of electrodes, if thewater level sensor 111 senses the water level of carbonated watercontinuously, due to a chemical reaction between carbonated water andthe electrodes, bubbles are generated around the electrodes and thus anerror in sensing the water level may occur. In order to prevent amalfunction of the water level sensor 111, the refrigerator 1 senses thewater level of carbonated water when the user inputs the carbonatedwater discharge instruction.

Also, the refrigerator 1 compares the sensed water level of carbonatedwater with a minimum water level (645), and if the sensed water level ofcarbonated water is less than or equal to the minimum water level (YESof 645), the refrigerator 1 starts production of carbonated water (650).That is, the refrigerator 1 measures the amount of carbonated water thatremains in the carbonated water tank 110 after carbonated water has beendischarged, and if the amount of remaining carbonated water is less thana reference value, the refrigerator 1 starts production of carbonatedwater.

If the sensed water level of carbonated water is greater than theminimum water level (NO of 645), the refrigerator 1 goes back toOperation 615 and initializes the carbonated water discharge instructionwaiting time (615). Since carbonated water has been discharged inresponse to the carbonated water discharge instruction, the carbonatedwater discharge instruction waiting time is initialized.

If the carbonated water discharge instruction is not input in Operation620 (NO of 620), the refrigerator 1 calculates the carbonated waterdischarge instruction waiting time (655). Subsequently, the refrigerator1 compares the carbonated water discharge instruction waiting time witha predetermined maximum waiting time (660). As a result of comparison,if the carbonated water discharge instruction waiting time is greaterthan or equal to the predetermined maximum waiting time (YES of 660),the refrigerator 1 compares the accumulated carbonated water dischargetime with a predetermined maximum accumulated discharge time (665), andif the accumulated carbonated water discharge time is greater than orequal to the predetermined maximum accumulated discharge time (YES of665), the refrigerator 1 starts production of carbonated water.

The carbonated water discharge instruction waiting time means a timethat elapses since the user has input the carbonated water dischargeinstruction, as described above. In this way, the carbonated waterdischarge instruction waiting time is greater than the predeterminedmaximum waiting time means that the user has not used carbonated waterfor a long time or the user won't use carbonated water for a while.Also, the discharge amount of carbonated water and the remaining amountof carbonated water can be estimated from the accumulated carbonatedwater discharge time.

In this way, if it is expected that the user will not input thecarbonated water discharge instruction for a while and it is determinedthat a predetermined amount of carbonated water has been discharged,carbonated water needs to be additionally produced. That is, in order toprevent the user from waiting for carbonated water when the water levelof carbonated water is a minimum water level and carbonated water isbeing produced, even if the water level of carbonated water stored inthe carbonated water tank 110 is not less than a minimum water level andif it is expected that the user won't use carbonated water for a while,the refrigerator 1 can produce carbonated water.

Thus, the refrigerator 1 compares the carbonated water dischargeinstruction waiting time with a maximum discharge instruction waitingtime to determine whether there is a user's intention to drinkcarbonated water, compares the accumulated carbonated water dischargetime with a maximum accumulated discharge time to estimate the amount ofcarbonated water that remains in the carbonated water tank 110, and as aresult, if it is expected that the user won't input the carbonated waterdischarge instruction for a while and carbonated water that remains inthe carbonated water tank 110 is less than a predetermined amount, therefrigerator 1 starts production of carbonated water.

If the carbonated water discharge instruction waiting time is greaterthan or equal to the maximum discharge instruction waiting time and theaccumulated carbonated water discharge time is greater than or equal tothe maximum accumulated discharge time, the refrigerator 1 of FIG. 1starts production of carbonated water. However, aspects of the presentdisclosure are not limited thereto, and if the accumulated carbonatedwater discharge time is greater than or equal to the maximum accumulateddischarge time, the refrigerator 1 can start production of carbonatedwater.

FIG. 12 is a view illustrating a method of producing carbonated waterusing the refrigerator 1 of FIG. 1.

Referring to FIG. 12, the refrigerator 1 of FIG. 1 can producecarbonated water having three concentrations, such as a first step, asecond step, and a third step (low concentration, medium concentration,and high concentration), and the concentration of carbonated watervaries according to the number of supplying carbon dioxide.

In detail, in order to produce carbonated water having the first step(low concentration), the refrigerator 1 supplies a maximum water levelof filtered water to the carbonated water tank 110 and then suppliescarbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank 110 during a period of firstcarbon dioxide supply time (for example, 6 seconds) and dissolves thesupplied carbon dioxide during a period of first carbon dioxidedissolving time (for example, 4 minutes).

In addition, in order to produce carbonated water having the second step(medium concentration), the refrigerator 1 performs a process ofproducing carbonated water having the first step (low concentration) andthen supplies carbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank 110 during aperiod of second carbon dioxide supply time (for example, 4 seconds) anddissolves the supplied carbon dioxide during a period of second carbondioxide dissolving time (for example, 8 minutes).

Further, in order to produce carbonated water having the third step(high concentration), the refrigerator 1 performs a process of producingcarbonated water having the second step (medium concentration) and thensupplies carbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank 110 during a periodof third carbon dioxide supply time (for example, 5.5 seconds),dissolves the supplied carbon dioxide during a period of third carbondioxide dissolving time (for example, 12 minutes) and supplies carbondioxide to the carbonated water tank 110 during a period of fourthcarbon dioxide supply time (for example, 5.5 seconds).

FIGS. 13A and 13B are views illustrating the method of producingcarbonated water illustrated in FIG. 12.

Referring to FIGS. 13A and 13B, first, the refrigerator 1 displays thatcarbonated water is being produced (710). In detail, the refrigerator 1may display that carbonated water is being produced in the carbonatedwater production situation display region 301 c, as illustrated in (d)of FIG. 8.

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 opens the exhaust valve 251 (712) andthen opens the filtered water supply valve 211 (714). In this way, therefrigerator 1 opens the exhaust valve 251 and opens the filtered watersupply valve 211 so that filtered water can be smoothly supplied to thecarbonated water tank 110. In this case, the refrigerator 1 may open thefiltered water supply valve 211 continuously to supply filtered water tothe carbonated water tank 110.

When a solenoid valve is used as the filtered water supply valve 211, inorder to prevent solenoid from being overheated, the filtered watersupply valve 211 may be opened for a predetermined amount of time andthen may be closed and then may be opened for a predetermined amount oftime. In detail, a process of opening the filtered water supply valve211 for 1 minute and then closing the filtered water supply valve 211for 5 seconds may be repeatedly performed.

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 senses a water level of filtered waterthrough the water level sensor 111 (716), compares the sensed waterlevel of filtered water with a predetermined maximum water level todetermine whether filtered water in the carbonated water tank 110reaches the maximum water level (718).

If it is determined that filtered water in the carbonated water tank 110reaches the maximum water level (YES of 718), the refrigerator 1 closesthe filtered water supply valve 211 (720) and closes the exhaust valve251 (722).

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 opens the carbon dioxide supply valve202 (724), then determines whether a first carbon dioxide supply time(for example, 6 seconds) elapses (726), and if it determined that thefirst carbon dioxide supply time (for example, 6 seconds) elapses, therefrigerator 1 closes the carbon dioxide supply valve 202 (728). In thismanner, the refrigerator 1 allows carbon dioxide to be supplied to thecarbonated water tank 110 during a period of the first carbon dioxidesupply time (for example, 6 seconds).

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 waits during a period of first carbondioxide dissolving time (for example, 4 minutes) (730). That is, therefrigerator 1 allows carbon dioxide supplied to the carbonated watertank 110 to be sufficiently dissolved in filtered water.

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 determines whether the concentration ofcarbonated water selected by the user is “first step (lowconcentration)” (732).

If the concentration of carbonated water selected by the user throughthe control panel 300 is the first step (low concentration) (YES of732), the refrigerator 1 displays that production of carbonated waterhas been completed (758) and terminates production of carbonated water.

If the concentration of carbonated water selected by the user is not thefirst step (low concentration) (NO of 732), the refrigerator 1 opens thecarbon dioxide supply valve 202 (734) and determines whether a secondcarbon dioxide supply time (for example, 4 seconds) that elapses sincethe carbon dioxide supply valve 202 has been opened (736), and if it isdetermined that the second carbon dioxide supply time (for example, 4seconds) elapses (YES of 736), the refrigerator 1 closes the carbondioxide supply valve 202 (738). In this manner, the refrigerator 1supplies carbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank 110 during a periodof the second carbon dioxide supply time (for example, 4 seconds).

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 waits during a period of second carbondioxide dissolving time (for example, 8 minutes) (740). That is, therefrigerator 1 allows carbon dioxide supplied to the carbonated watertank 110 to be sufficiently dissolved in filtered water.

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 determines whether the concentration ofcarbonated water selected by the user is “second step (mediumconcentration)” (742).

If it is determined that the concentration of carbonated water selectedby the user is the second step (medium concentration) (YES of 742), therefrigerator 1 displays that production of carbonated water has beencompleted (758) and terminates production of carbonated water.

If it is determined that the concentration of carbonated water selectedby the user is not the second step (medium concentration) (NO of 742),the refrigerator 1 opens the carbon dioxide supply valve 202 (744) anddetermines whether a third carbon dioxide supply time (for example, 5.5seconds) elapses (746) since the carbon dioxide supply valve 202 hasbeen opened, and if it is determined that the third carbon dioxidesupply time (for example, 5.5 seconds) elapses (YES of 746), therefrigerator 1 closes the carbon dioxide supply valve 202 (748). In thismanner, the refrigerator 1 supplies carbon dioxide to the carbonatedwater tank 110 during a period of the third carbon dioxide supply time(for example, 5.5 seconds).

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 waits during a period of third carbondioxide dissolving time (for example, 12 minutes) (750). That is, therefrigerator 1 allows carbon dioxide supplied to the carbonated watertank 110 to be sufficiently dissolved in filtered water.

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 opens the carbon dioxide supply valve202 (752) and determines whether a fourth carbon dioxide supply time(for example, 5.5 seconds) elapses (754) since the carbon dioxide supplyvalve 202 has been opened, and if it is determined that the fourthcarbon dioxide supply time (for example, 5.5 seconds) elapses (YES of754), the refrigerator 1 closes the carbon dioxide supply valve 202(756). In this manner, the refrigerator 1 supplies carbon dioxide to thecarbonated water tank 110 during a period of the fourth carbon dioxidesupply time (for example, 5.5 seconds).

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 displays that production of carbonatedwater has been completed (758) and terminates production of carbonatedwater.

Although the refrigerator 1 of FIG. 1, if a predetermined carbonatedwater production starting condition is satisfied, produces carbonatedwater without considering the temperature of filtered water whenproducing carbonated water, the present disclosure is not limitedthereto. According to another embodiment, carbonated water may beproduced in consideration of the temperature of filtered water sincesolubility of gas with respect to liquid increases as the temperature ofliquid is lowered. For example, the refrigerator 1 of FIG. 1 measuresthe temperature of filtered water stored in the carbonated water tank110 since filtered water has been supplied to the carbonated water tank110, and if the temperature of filtered water stored in the carbonatedwater tank 110 is higher than or equal to a predetermined temperature,the refrigerator 1 delays supply of carbon dioxide. As described above,since the carbonated water tank 110 is disposed in the refrigeratorcompartment 20, the temperature of filtered water stored in thecarbonated water tank 110 is lowered over time. Thus, if the measuredtemperature of filtered water is lower than or equal to thepredetermined temperature, the refrigerator 1 may supply carbon dioxideto produce carbonated water.

In this case using the above method, the refrigerator 1 may producecarbonated water by use of as much carbon dioxide as possible stored inthe carbon dioxide cylinder 120, but there is a need to wait for thecarbon dioxide to dissolve into the filtered water, causing a greatamount of time in producing carbonated water. If a user additionallydesires to use carbonated water after completely consuming thecarbonated water in the carbonated water tank 110, the user needs towait for a great amount of time until the carbonated water is completed.For this reason, the refrigerator 1 needs to perform a rapid productionof carbonated water.

FIG. 14 is a view illustrating a method of rapidly producing carbonatedwater in a refrigerator according to an embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

Referring to FIG. 14, the refrigerator 1 supplies filtered water up to amaximum water level of the carbonated water tank 110, and repeatsopening of the exhaust valve 251 configured to discharge carbon dioxideremaining in the carbonated water tank 110 as well as opening of thecarbon dioxide supply valve 202 configured to supply carbon dioxide tothe carbonated water tank 110. As the supply and discharge of the carbondioxide is repeated, the carbonated water is rapidly produced.

In detail, the carbon dioxide supply flow path 200 (see FIG. 5) extendsdeeply to the inside of the carbonated water tank 110, and if carbondioxide is supplied, air bubbles are generated in the filtered water inthe carbonated water tank 110, thereby stirring carbon dioxide andfiltered water. In addition, the more carbon dioxide is supplied, themore dissolving between the filtered water and the carbon dioxideoccurs, and thus carbon dioxide rapidly dissolves into the filteredwater. As such, the increase in amount of carbon dioxide passing throughthe filtered water allows the carbon dioxide to be rapidly produced.

In order to increase the amount of carbon dioxide passing through thefiltered water, the refrigerator 1 supplies carbon dioxide to thecarbonated water tank 110 after reducing pressure inside the carbonatedwater tank 110. Since carbon dioxide is supplied to the carbonated watertank 110 at a constant pressure (for example, 8.5 bar) due to the carbondioxide regulator 201, the decrease in the internal pressure of thecarbonated water tank 110 allows a larger amount of carbon dioxide to besupplied to the carbonated water tank 110.

In addition, the refrigerator 1 opens the exhaust valve 251 to lower thepressure inside the carbonated water tank 110. That is, the refrigerator1, by opening the exhaust valve 251, discharges carbon dioxide remaininginside the carbonated water tank 110, and thus reduces the pressureinside the carbonated water tank 110.

Subsequently, in order to supply carbon dioxide to the carbonated watertank 110, the carbon dioxide supply valve 202 opens. If the carbondioxide is supplied after the pressure inside the carbonated water tank110 is reduced, a great amount of carbon dioxide passes through thefiltered water, and thus a great amount of carbon dioxide dissolves intothe filtered water.

By repeating the supply and discharge of the carbon dioxide to/from thecarbonated water tank 110, the refrigerator 1 can rapidly produce thecarbonated water.

FIG. 15A and FIG. 15B are flowcharts illustrating the method of rapidlyproducing carbonated water of FIG. 14.

Referring to FIGS. 15A and 15B, a method of rapidly producing carbonatedwater will be described in detail. First, the refrigerator 1 determineswhether or not a rapid production instruction is input (1010). A usermay enter the rapid production instruction through the rapid productioninstruction input unit (307 in FIG. 7) of the control panel 300.

If the rapid production instruction is input (YES from operation 1010),the refrigerator 1 displays rapid production of carbonated water (1015).In detail, the refrigerator 1 may display the rapid production ofcarbonated water, through the rapid production information display unit(309 in FIG. 7) of the control panel 300. Such a rapid productioninstruction may be input not only when the carbonated water is not beingproduced but also when the carbonated water is being produced. If arapid production instruction is input when the carbonated water is notbeing produced, the refrigerator 1 opens the exhaust valve 251 to supplyfiltered water up to a maximum level of the carbonated water tank 110,and then closes the exhaust valve 251. That is, the refrigerator 1,after supplying the filtered water up to the maximum level of thecarbonated water tank 100, starts producing carbonated water. Meanwhile,if a rapid production instruction is input when the carbonated water isbeing produced, the refrigerator 1 stops producing the carbonated water,and instantly starts rapid production.

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 opens the exhaust valve 251 during areference exhaust time (1035), and closes the exhaust valve 251 (1040).In this case, the reference exhaust time may be set to about 0.5 secs toabout 5 secs, and the reference exhaust time may vary depending on thecapacity of the carbonated water tank 110 or the supply pressure ofcarbon dioxide, that is, a discharge pressure of the carbon dioxideregulator 201. In this manner, the exhaust valve 251 is open as theabove before supply of carbon dioxide to discharge carbon dioxide insidethe carbonated water tank 110 in case that a rapid productioninstruction is input during the production of carbonated water. That is,carbon dioxide may remain at a high pressure in the carbonated watertank 110 when a rapid production instruction is input during theproduction of carbonated water, and the carbon dioxide is discharged sothat the pressure inside the carbonated water tank 110 is reduced.

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 opens the carbon dioxide supply valve202 during a carbon dioxide rapid supply time (1045), and closes thecarbon dioxide supply valve 202 (1050). The carbon dioxide rapid supplytime may be set to about 0.5 secs to about 10 secs, and may varydepending on the capacity of the carbonated water tank 110 or the supplypressure of carbon dioxide, that is, a discharge pressure of the carbondioxide regulator 201. In this manner, if the carbon dioxide is suppliedto the carbonate water tank 110 after the pressure inside the carbonatedwater tank 110 is reduced, a great amount of carbon dioxide is suppliedto the carbonated water tank 110 as described above, and the carbondioxide and the filtered water are stirred during the supply of greatamount of carbon dioxide, thereby easily dissolving the carbon dioxidein the filtered water.

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 may wait for a predetermined referencewaiting time (1052), which represents a waiting operation until carbondioxide supplied to the carbonated water tank 110 is dissolved in thefiltered water. Such a reference waiting time may be set to about 1 secto about 10 secs, and may vary depending on the capacity of thecarbonated water tank 110 or the supply pressure of carbon dioxide, thatis, a discharge pressure of the carbon dioxide regulator 201.

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 opens the exhaust valve 251 againduring a reference exhaust time (1055), and then closes the exhaustvalve 251 (1060). Accordingly, carbon dioxide supplied in operation 1045and remaining in the carbonated water tank 110 without being dissolvedin the filtered water during the reference waiting time is discharged.As the residual carbon dioxide is discharged, the refrigerator 1 lowersthe pressure inside the carbonated water tank 110.

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 determines whether the number of timesof carbon dioxide supply reaches a predetermined number of times ofcarbon dioxide rapid injection (1065). The supplying of carbon dioxideat a low pressure inside the carbonated tank 110 as described aboveenables a great amount of carbon dioxide to be dissolved in the filteredwater, but in order to produce a desirable density of carbonated water,the supply of carbon dioxide needs to be repeated a plurality of numberof times. That is, the number of times of carbon dioxide rapid injectionmay be set to be different depending to a desired density of thecarbonated water. For example, in a case when a user instructscarbonated water be produced at a first level or a low density ofcarbonated water, the refrigerator 1 may set the predetermined number oftimes of carbon dioxide rapid injection to one time to two times, and ifa case when a user instructs carbonated water be produced at a secondlevel or a medium density of carbonated water, the refrigerator 1 mayset the predetermined number of times of carbon dioxide rapid injectionto three times to four times. In addition, if a case when a userinstructs carbonated water be produced at a third level or a highdensity of carbonated water, the refrigerator 1 may set thepredetermined number of times of carbon dioxide rapid injection to fivetimes or more.

If the number of times of carbon dioxide supply does not reach thepredetermined number of times of carbon dioxide rapid injection (NO fromoperation 1065), the refrigerator 1 repeats the supply and discharge ofcarbon dioxide into/from the carbonated water tank 110.

If the number of times of carbon dioxide supply reaches thepredetermined number of times of carbon dioxide rapid injection (YESfrom operation 1065), the refrigerator 1 opens the carbon dioxide supplyvalve 202 during a carbon dioxide rapid supply time (1070), and closesthe carbon dioxide supply valve 202 (1075). In this case, the supply ofcarbon dioxide is performed to dissolve the carbon dioxide into thefiltered water while maintaining the pressure inside the carbonatedwater tank 110 at a constant level. That is, the supply of carbondioxide is performed such that the refrigerator 1 discharges carbonatedwater by use of pressure inside the carbonated water tank 110 when auser enters a carbonated water discharge instruction through thedispenser lever 93.

In this manner, by repeating the supply and discharge of the carbondioxide into/from the carbonated water tank 110, the refrigerator 1rapidly produces the carbonated water, for example, within a fewminutes.

Hereinafter, in case of an exceptional situation like the case that theuser inputs a filtered water discharge instruction or the case that theuser opens the refrigerator compartment doors 21 and 22 when carbonatedwater is being produced, an operation of the refrigerator 1 will bedescribed.

When carbonated water is being produced, in particular, when filteredwater is being supplied to the carbonated water tank 110, if the userpressurizes the dispenser lever 93 to input a filtered water dischargeinstruction, the refrigerator 1 stops supplying filtered water to thecarbonated water tank 110 and discharges filtered water to the outsidethrough the dispenser 90.

Filtered water supplied to the carbonated water tank 110 and filteredwater discharged to the outside through the dispenser 90 are supplied tothe water tank 70, and a water pressure of filtered water when the watertank 70 supplies filtered water is limited. Thus, if the water tank 70supplies filtered water to the carbonated water tank 110 andsimultaneously discharges filtered water through the dispenser 90, thewater pressure of filtered water discharged through the dispenser 90 maybe lowered. In this way, if the water pressure of filtered waterdischarged through the dispenser 90 is lowered, the user maymisunderstand that the refrigerator 1 is broken.

In this way, in order to prevent the water pressure of filtered waterdischarged through the dispenser 90 from being lowered, if the userinputs a filtered water discharge instruction when filtered water isbeing supplied to the carbonated water tank 110, the refrigerator 1stops supplying filtered water to the carbonated water tank 110 anddischarges filtered water through the dispenser 90. Subsequently, if theuser inputs the filtered water discharge termination instruction, therefrigerator 1 stops discharging filtered water through the dispenser 90and supplies filtered water to the carbonated water tank 110.

In addition, if the user opens the refrigerator compartment doors 21 and22 when carbonated water is being produced, the refrigerator 1 stopsproduction of carbonated water. That is, if the user opens therefrigerator compartment doors 21 and 22 when filtered water is beingsupplied to the carbonated water tank 110, the refrigerator 1 stopssupplying filtered water to the carbonated water tank 110, and if theuser opens the refrigerator compartment doors 21 and 22 in which thecarbonated water production module 100 is disposed, when carbon dioxideis being supplied to the carbonated water tank 110, even if a conditionfor supplying carbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank 110 issatisfied, the refrigerator 1 delays supply of carbon dioxide until theuser closes the refrigerator compartment doors 21 and 22. Also, therefrigerator 1 stops supplying carbon dioxide to the carbonated watertank 110. Since the water tank 70 supplies filtered water to thecarbonated water tank 110 under a high water pressure and the carbondioxide cylinder 120 supplies carbon dioxide to the carbonated watertank 110 under a high pressure, a noise may be generated in a process ofproducing carbonated water. In this way, when the user opens therefrigerator compartment doors 21 and 22, an unpleasant feeling may begiven to the user, and furthermore, the user may misunderstand that therefrigerator 1 is broken.

In this way, in order to prevent a noise from being generated in thecarbonated water production module 100 when the user opens therefrigerator compartment doors 21 and 22, the refrigerator 1 stores theprocess of producing carbonated water and then stops production ofcarbonated water. If the user closes the refrigerator compartment doors21 and 22, the refrigerator 1 continues to produce carbonated water.

FIGS. 16A and 16B are flowcharts illustrating control of therefrigerator 1 of FIG. 1 when an exceptional situation occurs duringcarbonated water production.

Referring to FIGS. 16A and 16B, first, the refrigerator 1 displaysproduction of carbonated water on the control panel 300 (902).

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 opens the exhaust valve 251 (904),opens the filtered water supply valve 211 (906), thereby supplyingfiltered water to the carbonated water tank 110.

When filtered water is being supplied to the carbonated water tank 110,the refrigerator 1 determines whether the filtered water dischargeinstruction is input (908). That is, the refrigerator 1 determineswhether the user pressurizes the dispenser lever 93 disposed in thedispenser 90.

If it is determined that the user inputs the filtered water dischargeinstruction (YES of 908), the refrigerator 1 stores a situation in whichcarbonated water is being produced (940).

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 closes the filtered water supply valve211 (942) to stop supplying filtered water to the carbonated water tank110, and the refrigerator 1 opens the filtered water discharge valve 221(944) to discharge filtered water to the outside.

When filtered water is being discharged to the outside, the refrigerator1 determines whether a filtered water discharge termination instructionis input (946). That is, the refrigerator 1 determines whether the userstops pressurizing the dispenser lever 93 disposed in the dispenser 90.

If it is determined that the user inputs the filtered water dischargetermination instruction (YES of 946), the refrigerator 1 closes thefiltered water discharge valve 221 (948) to stop discharging filteredwater to the outside, and the refrigerator 1 opens the filtered watersupply valve 211 (950) to restart production of carbonated water andload a carbonated water production progress situation (952).

If it is determined that the user does not input the filtered waterdischarge instruction (NO of 908), the refrigerator 1 determines whetherthe refrigerator compartment doors 21 and 22 are opened (910).

If it is determined that the user opens the refrigerator compartmentdoors 21 and 22 (YES of 910), the refrigerator 1 stores a situation inwhich carbonated water is being produced (930).

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 closes the filtered water supply valve211 (932) to stop production of carbonated water.

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 determines whether the refrigeratorcompartment doors 21 and 22 are closed (934).

If it is determined that the refrigerator compartment doors 21 and 22are closed (YES of 934), the refrigerator 1 opens the filtered watersupply valve 211 (936) to restart production of carbonated water andload a carbonated water production progress situation (938).

If the user does not open the refrigerator compartment doors 21 and 22(NO of 910), the refrigerator 1 senses a water level of filtered waterin the carbonated water tank 110 (912).

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 determines whether the water level offiltered water in the carbonated water tank 110 reaches a maximum waterlevel (914).

If it is determined that the water level of filtered water in thecarbonated water tank 110 does not reach the maximum water level (NO of914), the refrigerator 1 repeatedly determines whether the filteredwater discharge instruction is input, whether the refrigeratorcompartment doors 21 and 22 are opened, and whether the water level offiltered water in the carbonated water tank 110 reaches the maximumwater level.

If it is determined that the water level of filtered water in thecarbonated water tank 110 reaches the maximum water level (YES of 914),the refrigerator 1 closes the filtered water supply valve 211 (916) andcloses the exhaust valve 251 (918), thereby terminating supply offiltered water to the carbonated water tank 110.

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 opens the carbon dioxide supply valve202 (920), thereby supplying carbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank110.

When carbon dioxide is being supplied to the carbonated water tank 110,the refrigerator 1 determines whether the refrigerator compartment doors21 and 22 are opened (922).

If it is determined that the refrigerator compartment doors 21 and 22are opened (YES of 922), the refrigerator 1 stores a situation in whichcarbonated water is being produced (960).

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 closes the carbon dioxide supply valve202 (962), thereby stopping production of carbonated water.

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 determines whether the refrigeratorcompartment doors 21 and 22 are closed (964).

If it is determined that the refrigerator compartment doors 21 and 22are closed (YES of 964), the refrigerator 1 opens the carbon dioxidesupply valve 202 (966) to restart production of carbonated water andload a carbonated water production progress situation (968).

If it is determined that the refrigerator compartment doors 21 and 22are not opened (NO of 922), the refrigerator 1 determines whether acarbon dioxide supply time elapses (924).

If it is determined that the carbon dioxide supply time does not elapse,the refrigerator 1 repeatedly determines whether the refrigeratorcompartment doors 21 and 22 are opened and whether the carbon dioxidesupply time elapses.

If it is determined that the carbon dioxide supply time elapses, therefrigerator 1 closes the carbon dioxide supply valve 202 (926).

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 determines whether a carbon dioxidedissolving time elapses (928).

If it is determined that the carbon dioxide dissolving time elapses, therefrigerator 1 displays that production of carbonated water has beencompleted on the control panel 300 (929).

As described above, producing carbonated water using the refrigerator 1of FIG. 1 has been described.

Hereinafter, managing produced carbonated water since the refrigerator 1of FIG. 1 has produced carbonated water will be described.

As described above, the refrigerator 1 of FIG. 1 discharges carbonatedwater to the outside using the pressure of carbon dioxide supplied tothe carbonated water tank 110. Thus, the pressure of carbon dioxide inthe carbonated water tank 110 needs to be maintained at a predeterminedvalue or more. If the pressure of carbon dioxide in the carbonated watertank 110 is not maintained at the predetermined value or more, the waterpressure of carbonated water discharged by the refrigerator 1 islowered, and the user may misunderstand that the refrigerator 1 isbroken.

However, as time elapses since carbonated water has been produced,carbon dioxide is dissolved in filtered water, and the pressure ofcarbon dioxide in the carbonated water tank 110 is gradually decreased.Thus, if a predetermined condition for maintaining the pressure ofcarbon dioxide in the carbonated water tank 110 is satisfied, carbondioxide needs to be supplied to the carbonated water tank 110.

There are three main causes of a reduction in the pressure of carbondioxide in the carbonated water tank 110.

The first cause of the reduction in the pressure of carbon dioxide inthe carbonated water tank 110 is that the temperature of carbonatedwater is lowered. Solubility of gas with respect to liquid is increasedas the temperature of liquid is lowered. As the temperature ofcarbonated water is lowered, the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved infiltered water increases. Thus, as the temperature of carbonated wateris lowered, the pressure of carbon dioxide in the carbonated water tank110 is decreased. Thus, if the temperature of carbonated water in thecarbonated water tank 110 is lowered, the refrigerator 1 supplies carbondioxide to the carbonated water tank 110.

FIG. 17A is a flowchart illustrating the case that the refrigerator 1 ofFIG. 1 resupplies carbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank 110according to the temperature of carbonated water.

Referring to FIG. 17A, first, the refrigerator 1 determines whetherproduction of carbonated water has been completed (812).

If it is determined that production of carbonated water has not beencompleted (NO of 812), the refrigerator 1 waits until production ofcarbonated water is completed, and if production of carbonated water iscompleted (YES of 812), the refrigerator 1 senses the temperature ofcarbonated water through the temperature sensor 112 (813), therefrigerator 1 sets a difference between the temperature of carbonatedwater sensed in Operation 813 and a predetermined temperature intervalas a reference temperature (814). That is, the reference temperature isinitialized as the difference between the temperature of carbonatedwater immediately after production of carbonated water has beencompleted and the predetermined temperature interval. For example, ifthe temperature of carbonated water is 15° C. and the temperatureinterval is 5° C., the reference temperature is initialized as 10° C.

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 senses the temperature of carbonatedwater through the temperature sensor 112 (815).

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 compares the temperature of carbonatedwater sensed in Operation 815 with the reference temperature anddetermines whether the temperature of carbonated water is less than orequal to the reference temperature (816). For example, the refrigerator1 determines whether the temperature of carbonated water is less than orequal to 10° C.

If it is determined that the temperature of carbonated water is lessthan or equal to the reference temperature (YES of 816), therefrigerator 1 opens the carbon dioxide supply valve 202 (818),determines whether a carbon dioxide resupply time elapses (820), and ifit is determined that the carbon dioxide resupply time elapses (YES of820), the refrigerator 1 closes the carbon dioxide supply valve 202(822). That is, if it is determined that the temperature of carbonatedwater is less than or equal to the reference temperature, therefrigerator 1 resupplies carbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank110 during a period of the carbon dioxide resupply time. In this case,the carbon dioxide resupply time may be set to 1 second. In this case,since supplying carbon dioxide is used not to produce carbonated waterbut to maintain an internal pressure of the carbonated water tank 110,the carbon dioxide resupply time may be shorter than a carbon dioxidesupply time for producing carbonated water.

After carbon dioxide has been resupplied to the carbonated water tank110, the refrigerator 1 sets a value that is obtained by subtracting thetemperature interval from the reference temperature to a new referencetemperature (824). For example, if the reference temperature is 10° C.and the temperature interval is 5° C., 5° C. is the new referencetemperature.

If it is determined in Operation 816 that the temperature of carbonatedwater is not less than or equal to the reference temperature (NO of816), the refrigerator 1 omits resupplying carbon dioxide to thecarbonated water tank 110.

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 determines whether a carbonated waterproduction condition is satisfied (826), and if production of carbonatedwater does not start, the refrigerator 1 goes back to Operation 815 andrepeatedly senses the temperature of carbonated water and compares thetemperature of carbonated water with the reference temperature.

Consequently, whenever the temperature of carbonated water is lowered bythe temperature interval when production of carbonated water iscompleted, the refrigerator 1 resupplies carbon dioxide to thecarbonated water tank 110. For example, if the temperature of carbonatedwater is 15° C. and a first temperature interval is 5° C. whenproduction of carbonated water is completed, whenever the temperature ofcarbonated water is 10° C., 5° C., and 0° C., the refrigerator 1resupplies carbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank 110.

The refrigerator 1 of FIG. 1 resupplies carbon dioxide to the carbonatedwater tank 110 whenever the temperature of carbonated water stored inthe carbonated water tank 110 is lowered by a predetermined temperature.However, aspects of the present disclosure are not limited thereto, andwhen the temperature of carbonated water stored in the carbonated watertank 110 is less than or equal to a predetermined temperature, therefrigerator 1 may resupply carbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank110.

The second cause of the reduction in the pressure of carbon dioxide inthe carbonated water tank 110 is that the amount of carbonated water inthe carbonated water tank 110 is reduced. If the user dischargescarbonated water after production of carbonated water has beencompleted, the volume of carbonated water is decreased by the amount ofcarbonated water discharged by the user and thus the pressure of carbondioxide in the carbonated water tank 110 is reduced. Thus, if the userdischarges carbonated water, the refrigerator 1 resupplies carbondioxide to the carbonated water tank 110 to increase the pressure ofcarbon dioxide in the carbonated water tank 110.

FIG. 17B is a flowchart illustrating the case that the refrigerator 1 ofFIG. 1 resupplies carbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank 110 whencarbonated water is discharged.

Referring to FIG. 17B, first, the refrigerator 1 determines whetherproduction of carbonated water is completed (832).

If it is determined that production of carbonated water is not completed(NO of 832), the refrigerator 1 waits until production of carbonatedwater is completed, and if it is determined that production ofcarbonated water is completed (YES of 832), the refrigerator 1 stores apredetermined first time interval in a first reference time (834). Thatis, the first reference time is initialized as the predetermined firsttime interval. In this case, the first time interval varies according tothe capacity of the carbonated water tank 110 and the discharge speed ofcarbonated water. However, if the carbonated water tank 110 is about 1 land all carbonated water stored in the carbonated water tank 110 isdischarged for 1 minute, the first time interval may be set to 10seconds. That is, the first reference time may be initialized as 10seconds.

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 compares an accumulated carbonatedwater discharge time with the first reference time and determineswhether the accumulated carbonated water discharge time is greater thanor equal to the first reference time (836). Here, the accumulatedcarbonated water discharge time means a total time at which the useroperates the dispenser lever 93 disposed in the dispenser 90 aftercarbonated water has been produced so that carbonated water isdischarged. That is, the accumulated carbonated water discharge time isthe same as the accumulated carbonated water discharge time illustratedin FIG. 11. As described above, the amount of carbonated water thatremains in the carbonated water tank 110 may be estimated through theaccumulated carbonated water discharge time.

If it is determined that the accumulated carbonated water discharge timeis greater than or equal to the first reference time (YES of 836), therefrigerator 1 opens the carbon dioxide supply valve 202 (838) anddetermines whether the carbon dioxide resupply time elapses (840), andif it is determined that the carbon dioxide resupply time elapses (YESof 840), the refrigerator 1 closes the carbon dioxide supply valve 202(842). That is, if a time at which carbonated water is discharged by theuser is greater than or equal to the first reference time, therefrigerator 1 resupplies carbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank110 during a period of the carbon dioxide resupply time. In this case,the carbon dioxide resupply time may be set to 1 second. As describedabove, the carbon dioxide resupply time for maintaining the pressure inthe carbonated water tank 110 may be shorter than the carbon dioxidesupply time for producing carbonated water.

After carbon dioxide has been resupplied to the carbonated water tank110, the refrigerator 1 sets the sum of the first reference time and thefirst time interval as a new reference time (844). For example, if thefirst reference time is 10 seconds and the first time interval is 10seconds, 20 seconds are a new first reference time.

If it is determined in Operation 836 that the accumulated carbonatedwater discharge time is not greater than or equal to the first referencetime (NO of 836), the refrigerator 1 omits resupplying carbon dioxide tothe carbonated water tank 110.

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 determines whether a carbonated waterproduction condition is satisfied (846), and if production of carbonatedwater does not start, the refrigerator 1 goes back to Operation 836 andrepeatedly compares the accumulated carbonated water discharge time withthe first reference time.

Consequently, whenever the accumulated carbonated water discharge timeis increased by the first time interval, because the user dischargescarbonated water after production of carbonated water has beencompleted, the refrigerator 1 resupplies carbon dioxide to thecarbonated water tank 110. For example, if the first time interval is 10seconds, whenever the accumulated carbonated water discharge time is 10seconds, 20 seconds, 30 seconds, 40 seconds, and 50 seconds, therefrigerator 1 resupplies carbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank110.

The third cause of the reduction in the pressure of carbon dioxide inthe carbonated water tank 110 is that carbonated water is not used butis stored in the carbonated water tank 110 for a long time. Ifcarbonated water is not discharged after being produced but is stored inthe carbonated water tank 110 for a long time, carbon dioxide isgradually dissolved in carbonated water and the pressure of carbondioxide in the carbonated water tank 110 is lowered. Thus, if the userdoes not discharge carbonated water and carbonated water is stored inthe carbonated water tank 110 for a long time, the refrigerator 1resupplies carbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank 110 to increasethe pressure of carbon dioxide in the carbonated water tank 110.

FIG. 17C is a flowchart illustrating the case that the refrigerator 1 ofFIG. 1 resupplies carbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank 110 whencarbonated water is not discharged.

Referring to FIG. 17C, first, the refrigerator 1 determines whetherproduction of carbonated water is completed (852).

If it is determined that production of carbonated water is not completed(NO of 852), the refrigerator 1 waits until production of carbonatedwater is completed, and if it is determined that production ofcarbonated water is completed (YES of 852), the refrigerator 1 stores apredetermined second time interval in a second reference time (854).That is, the second reference time is initialized as a predeterminedsecond time interval. In this case, the second time interval variesaccording to the capacity of the carbonated water tank 110. However, ifthe carbonated water tank 110 is about 1 l, the second time interval maybe set to 2 hours. That is, the second reference time may be initializedas 2 hours.

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 compares a carbonated water dischargeinstruction waiting time with the second reference time and determineswhether the carbonated water discharge instruction waiting time isgreater than or equal to the second reference time (856). Here, thecarbonated water discharge instruction waiting time means a time thatelapses until now since the user operates the dispenser lever 93 andcarbonated water has been discharged. That is, the carbonated waterdischarge instruction waiting time is the same as the carbonated waterdischarge instruction waiting time illustrated in FIG. 11.

If it is determined that the carbonated water discharge instructionwaiting time is greater than or equal to the second reference time (YESof 856), the refrigerator 1 opens the carbon dioxide supply valve 202(858), determines whether the carbon dioxide resupply time elapses(860), and if it is determined that the carbon dioxide resupply timeelapses (YES of 860), the refrigerator 1 closes the carbon dioxidesupply valve 202 (862). That is, if a time at which the user does notdischarge carbonated water is greater than or equal to the secondreference time, the refrigerator 1 resupplies carbon dioxide to thecarbonated water tank 110 during a period of the carbon dioxide resupplytime. In this case, the carbon dioxide resupply time may be set to 1second. As described above, the carbon dioxide resupply time formaintaining the pressure in the carbonated water tank 110 may be shorterthan the carbon dioxide supply time for producing carbonated water.

After carbon dioxide has been resupplied to the carbonated water tank110, the refrigerator 1 sets the sum of the second reference time andthe second time interval as a new reference time (864). For example, ifthe second reference time is 2 hours and the second time interval is 2hours, 4 hours are a new second reference time.

If it is determined in Operation 856 that the carbonated water dischargeinstruction waiting time is not greater than or equal to the secondreference time (NO of 856), the refrigerator 1 omits resupplying carbondioxide to the carbonated water tank 110.

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 determines whether a carbonated waterproduction condition is satisfied (866), and if production of carbonatedwater does not start, the refrigerator 1 goes back to Operation 856 andrepeatedly compares the carbonated water discharge instruction waitingtime with the second reference time.

Consequently, whenever the carbonated water discharge instructionwaiting time is increased by the second time interval, because the userdoes not discharge carbonated water after production of carbonated waterhas been completed, the refrigerator 1 resupplies carbon dioxide to thecarbonated water tank 110. For example, if the second time interval is 2hours, whenever the carbonated water discharge instruction waiting timeis 2 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours, 8 hours, and 10 hours, the refrigerator 1resupplies carbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank 110.

As described above, filtered water for producing carbonated water issupplied through a water supply source, whereas carbon dioxide issupplied through the carbon dioxide cylinder 120, and the amount ofcarbon dioxide stored in the carbon dioxide cylinder 120 is limited.

If the greater part of carbon dioxide stored in the carbon dioxidecylinder 120 is exhausted and the pressure of carbon dioxide dischargedfrom the carbon dioxide cylinder 120 is decreased, first of all, theconcentration of carbonated water is lowered. That is, since the amountof carbon dioxide supplied to the carbonated water tank 110 is notsufficient, the concentration of carbonated water is lowered.Subsequently, if all carbon dioxide stored in the carbon dioxidecylinder 120 is exhausted, carbonated water is not produced.

In addition, if the pressure of carbon dioxide discharged from thecarbon dioxide cylinder 120 is reduced, carbonated water is notdischarged through the dispenser 90. As described above, carbonatedwater is discharged to the outside by an atmospheric pressure in thecarbonated water tank 110, and if the pressure of carbon dioxide isreduced, the refrigerator 1 resupplies carbon dioxide to uniformlymaintain the pressure of carbon dioxide in the carbonated water tank110. In this case, if the pressure of carbon dioxide discharged from thecarbon dioxide cylinder 120 is reduced, even when carbon dioxide isresupplied to the carbonated water tank 110, the pressure of carbondioxide in the carbonated water tank 110 cannot be maintained at asufficient pressure, and if the pressure of carbon dioxide in thecarbonated water tank 110 is reduced, carbonated water is not dischargedthrough the dispenser 90.

Thus, the carbon dioxide cylinder 120 needs to be replaced at apredetermined time interval. Thus, the refrigerator 1 of FIG. 1 sensesthe pressure of carbon dioxide through the pressure sensor 204, and ifthe sensed pressure of carbon dioxide is less than or equal to apredetermined reference pressure, replacement of carbon dioxide cylinder120 is displayed on the control panel 300.

FIG. 18 is a flowchart illustrating the case that the refrigerator 1 ofFIG. 1 senses pressure of carbon dioxide.

Referring to FIG. 18, first, the refrigerator 1 senses the pressure ofcarbon dioxide through the pressure sensor 204 (870). As describedabove, the pressure sensor 204 is disposed at an output terminal of thecarbon dioxide regulator 201 and senses the pressure of carbon dioxidedischarged from the carbon dioxide regulator 201.

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 compares the pressure of carbon dioxidewith a predetermined reference pressure and determines whether thepressure of carbon dioxide is less than or equal to the referencepressure (872).

If it is determined that the pressure of carbon dioxide is not less thanor equal to the reference pressure (NO of 872), the refrigerator 1senses the pressure of carbon dioxide and repeatedly compares the sensedpressure of carbon dioxide with the reference pressure.

If it is determined that the pressure of carbon dioxide is less than orequal to the reference pressure (YES of 872), the refrigerator 1 warnsthe user that the pressure of carbon dioxide has been reduced (874).That is, the refrigerator 1 warns the user to replace the carbon dioxidecylinder 120 in the carbon dioxide low-pressure display region 305disposed in the control panel 300. In addition, the refrigerator 1 maystop production of carbonated water if the pressure of carbon dioxide isless than or equal to the reference pressure.

In addition, if it is determined that the pressure of carbon dioxide isless than or equal to the reference pressure, the refrigerator 1 may notproduce carbonated water even if the above-described carbonated waterproduction condition is satisfied. For example, even when the waterlevel of carbonated water is less than or equal to a minimum waterlevel, the refrigerator 1 may not produce carbonated water.

When a pressure switch is used as the pressure sensor 204, an output ofthe pressure switch is connected to the display unit, and if thepressure of carbon dioxide is less than or equal to the referencepressure, the pressure switch may transfer a low-pressure signal to thedisplay unit, and the display unit may display a low pressure of carbondioxide in the carbon dioxide low-pressure display region 305.

As described above, the refrigerator 1 of FIG. 1 has produced andmanaged the carbonated water.

Hereinafter, discharging carbonated water using the refrigerator 1 ofFIG. 1 according to a user's instruction will be described.

If the user pressurizes the dispenser lever 93 disposed in the dispenser90 to input a carbonated water discharge instruction, the refrigerator 1discharges carbonated water by opening the carbonated water dischargevalve 231, and if the user stops pressurizing the dispenser lever 93 toinput a carbonated water discharge termination instruction, therefrigerator 1 stops discharging of carbonated water by closing thecarbonated water discharge valve 231.

FIG. 19 is a view schematically illustrating the case that therefrigerator 1 of FIG. 1 discharges carbonated water.

Referring to FIG. 19, the refrigerator 1 of FIG. 1 discharges carbonatedwater through the dispenser 90 if a carbonated water dischargeinstruction is input from the user. In detail, if the refrigerator 1opens the carbonated water discharge valve 231, carbonated water ismoved along the carbonated water discharge flow path 230 from thecarbonated water tank 110, and in this procedure, carbonated water isdischarged to the outside via the carbonated water regulator 232, thecarbonated water discharge valve 231, and the remaining water dischargeprevention valve 241.

FIG. 20 is a view illustrating the case that the refrigerator 1 of FIG.1 discharges carbonated water.

Referring to FIG. 20, the refrigerator 1 determines whether a carbonatedwater discharge instruction is input from the user (880). As describedabove, the user pressurizes the dispenser lever 93 disposed in thedispenser 90 to input the carbonated water discharge instruction.

If the carbonated water discharge instruction is input (YES of 880), therefrigerator 1 opens the remaining water discharge prevention valve 241(882), and then the refrigerator 1 opens the carbonated water dischargevalve 231 (884).

In this way, when carbonated water is discharged, the remaining waterdischarge prevention valve 241 is first opened and then the carbonatedwater discharge valve 231 is opened so as to prevent the remaining waterdischarge prevention valve 241 from being damaged.

In general, the remaining water discharge prevention valve 241 is usedto prevent remaining water in the integrated discharge flow path 240from being discharged and is not designed to withstand a high pressure.That is, the remaining water discharge prevention valve 241 may beeasily damaged by the discharge pressure of carbonated water compared tothe carbonated water discharge valve 231. In addition, when a largeamount of carbon dioxide that is not dissolved in carbonated waterexists in the carbonated water tank 110, the discharge pressure ofcarbonated water may be increased. When the high discharge pressure ofcarbonated water is suddenly transferred to the remaining waterdischarge prevention valve 241, the remaining water discharge preventionvalve 241 may be damaged.

Subsequently, the refrigerator 1 determines whether the carbonated waterdischarge termination instruction is input (886). As described above,the user may input the carbonated water discharge terminationinstruction by stopping pressurizing the dispenser lever 93.

If the carbonated water discharge termination instruction is input (YESof 886), the refrigerator 1 closes the carbonated water discharge valve231 (888) and then closes the remaining water discharge prevention valve241 (890).

In this way, when carbonated water discharge is terminated, thecarbonated water discharge valve 231 is first closed and then theremaining water discharge prevention valve 241 is closed so as toprevent damage of the remaining water discharge prevention valve 241.That is, if the remaining water discharge prevention valve 241 is closedwhile carbonated water is discharged, the remaining water dischargeprevention valve 241 may be damaged by the discharge pressure ofcarbonated water.

Consequently, when carbonated water is discharged, the remaining waterdischarge prevention valve 241 is opened and then the carbonated waterdischarge valve 231 is opened, and when carbonated water discharge isterminated, the carbonated water discharge valve 231 is closed and thenthe remaining water discharge prevention valve 241 is closed so thatdamage of the remaining water discharge prevention valve 241 can beprevented.

According to the spirit of the present disclosure, filtered water andcarbonated water can be selectively taken, and since carbon dioxide isperiodically supplied to a carbonated water tank storing carbonatedwater, so that the carbonated water is discharged at a constantpressure.

According to the spirit of the present disclosure, the supply anddischarge of carbon dioxide into/from the carbonated water tank isrepeatedly performed, so that the carbonated water is rapidly produced.

Although a few embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown anddescribed, it would be appreciated by those skilled in the art thatchanges may be made in these embodiments without departing from theprinciples and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined inthe claims and their equivalents.

What is claimed is:
 1. A refrigerator comprising: a carbonated watertank to store carbonated water; a carbon dioxide cylinder to storecarbon dioxide; and a controller to supply water to the carbonated watertank and if supply of the water is completed, to supply the carbondioxide to the carbonated water tank so as to produce carbonated water,wherein the controller, in response to discharge of the carbonatedwater, calculates an accumulated discharge time of the carbonated waterbased on a time at which the carbonated water is discharged, and if theaccumulated discharge time of the carbonated water is equal to or abovea first reference time that is set in advance, resupplies the carbondioxide to the carbonated water tank.
 2. The refrigerator of claim 1,wherein if a carbonated water discharge instruction is input, thecarbonated water is discharged by pressure of carbon dioxide in thecarbonated water tank.
 3. The refrigerator of claim 2, furthercomprising a carbon dioxide supply valve configured to control flow ofthe carbon dioxide supplied to the carbonated water tank, wherein thecontroller opens the carbon dioxide supply valve for about 0.5 secondsto about 1.5 seconds with respect to the carbonated water tank so as toresupply the carbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank.
 4. Arefrigerator comprising: a carbonated water tank to store carbonatedwater; a carbon dioxide cylinder to carbon dioxide; and a controller tosupply water to the carbonated water tank and if supply of the water iscompleted, to supply the carbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank soas to produce carbonated water, wherein the controller, if determinedthat pressure of carbon dioxide in the carbonated water tank is equal toor below a predetermined reference pressure, resupplies the carbondioxide to the carbonated water tank after the carbonated water isproduced.
 5. The refrigerator of claim 4, wherein the controllersupplies the carbon dioxide for about 0.5 seconds to about 1.5 secondsto the carbonated water tank so as to resupply the carbon dioxide to thecarbonated water tank.
 6. The refrigerator of claim 4, furthercomprising: a temperature sensor to sense temperature of the carbonatedwater stored in the carbonated water tank, wherein the controller, ifthe temperature of the carbonated water sensed by the temperature sensoris equal to or below a predetermined reference temperature, resuppliesthe carbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank.
 7. The refrigerator ofclaim 4, wherein the controller, if an accumulated discharge time of thecarbonated water calculated based on a time at which the carbonatedwater is discharged is equal to or above a first reference time that isset in advance, resupplies the carbon dioxide to the carbonated watertank.
 8. The refrigerator of claim 7, wherein the controller resuppliesagain the carbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank if the accumulateddischarge time is equal to or above the first reference time after thecarbon dioxide is resupplied.
 9. The refrigerator of claim 4, whereinthe controller, if the elapsed time after the carbonated water isproduced is equal to or above a second reference time that is set inadvance, resupplies the carbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank. 10.The refrigerator of claim 9, wherein the controller resupplies again thecarbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank if the elapsed time afterthe carbon dioxide is resupplied is equal to or above the secondreference time.
 11. A method of controlling a refrigerator producing andstoring carbonated water, the method comprising: supplying water to thecarbonated water tank; supplying carbon dioxide to the carbonated watertank if supply of the water is completed; and resupplying the carbondioxide if pressure of carbon dioxide in the carbonated water tank islowered.
 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the resupplying of thecarbon dioxide comprises supplying the carbon dioxide to the carbonatedwater tank for about 0.5 seconds to about 1.5 seconds.
 13. The method ofclaim 11, wherein the resupplying of the carbon dioxide comprisessensing temperature of the carbonated water stored in the carbonatedwater tank; and if the sensed temperature of the carbonated water isequal to or below a predetermined reference temperature, resupplying thecarbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank.
 14. The method of claim 11,wherein the resupplying of the carbon dioxide comprises: in response todischarge of the carbonated water, calculating an accumulated dischargetime of the carbonated water corresponding to a total time at which thecarbonated water is discharged after the carbonated water is produced;and if the accumulated discharge time is equal to or above a firstreference time that is set in advance, resupplying the carbonated waterto the carbonated water tank.
 15. The method of claim 14, wherein theresupplying of the carbon dioxide comprises: if the accumulateddischarge time after the resupplying of the carbon dioxide is equal toor above the first reference time, resupplying again the carbonatedwater to the carbonated water tank.
 16. The method of claim 11, whereinthe resupplying of the carbon dioxide comprises: if elapsed time afterthe carbonated water is produced is equal to or above a second referencetime that is set in advance, resupplying the carbon dioxide to thecarbonated water tank.
 17. The method of claim 16, wherein theresupplying of the carbon dioxide comprises: resupplying again thecarbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank if elapsed time after thecarbon dioxide is resupplied is equal to or above the second referencetime.
 18. A refrigerator comprising: a carbonated water tank to storecarbonated water; a carbon dioxide cylinder to store carbon dioxide; anda controller to supply water to the carbonated water tank and if supplyof the water is completed, to supply the carbon dioxide to thecarbonated water tank so as to produce carbonated water, wherein thecontroller, if a rapid production instruction is input, repeatsdischarging of the carbon dioxide from the carbonated water tank andsupplying of the carbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank.
 19. Therefrigerator of claim 18, wherein the rapid production instruction isinput through an additional production instruction input unit.
 20. Therefrigerator of claim 19, further comprising: an exhaust valve todischarge carbon dioxide inside of the carbonated water tank; and asupply valve to open and close a carbon dioxide supply flow path that isconfigured to supply carbon dioxide to the carbonated water tank fromthe carbon dioxide cylinder, wherein the controller repeats theopening/closing of the exhaust valve and the opening/closing of thecarbon dioxide supply valve.
 21. The refrigerator of claim 20, whereinthe controller opens the carbon dioxide supply valve in a state that theexhaust valve is closed.
 22. The refrigerator of claim 21, wherein thecontroller opens the exhaust valve for about 0.5 seconds to about 5seconds.
 23. The refrigerator of claim 21, wherein the controller opensthe carbon dioxide supply valve for about 0.5 seconds to about 10seconds.
 24. The refrigerator of claim 21, wherein the controllerrepeats the opening/closing of the exhaust valve and the opening/closingof the carbon dioxide supply valve one time to 10 times.
 25. The methodof claim 11, wherein the supplying of the carbon dioxide to thecarbonated water tank comprises repeating discharge of carbon dioxidefrom the carbonated tank and supply of carbon dioxide to the carbonatedtank.
 26. The method of claim 25, wherein the discharging of carbondioxide from the carbonated water tank comprises opening an exhaustvalve configured to discharge carbon dioxide inside of the carbonatedtank for about 0.5 seconds to about 5 seconds.
 27. The method of claim25, wherein the supplying of carbon dioxide to the carbonated water tankcomprises: opening a carbon dioxide supply valve configured to open andclose a carbon dioxide supply flow path to supply carbon dioxide fromthe carbon dioxide cylinder to the carbonated water tank for about 0.5seconds to about 10 seconds.
 28. The method of claim 25, wherein therepeating of discharge and supply of carbon dioxide comprises repeatingdischarge and supply of carbon dioxide one time to 10 times.
 29. Therefrigerator of claim 1, further comprising: a carbon dioxide supplyvalve configured to control flow of the carbon dioxide supplied to thecarbonated water tank; and a control panel configured to receiveoperating instructions from a user, the control panel including inputsto select a degree of concentration of carbonation of the carbonatedwater, wherein the controller opens the carbon dioxide supply valvebased on the operating instructions.
 30. The refrigerator of claim 29,wherein the inputs to select the degree of concentration of carbonationof the carbonated water include at least two levels of concentration ofcarbonation of the carbonated water.